Wednesday, March 27, 2019

These people won't have their taxes ready by April 15

If there was ever a year in which you were likely to ask the IRS for more time, this is probably it.

Filers have four more weeks to submit their 2018 tax returns and sums owed to the IRS, as the April 15 deadline rapidly approaches.

This year is especially complicated, as it's the first time taxpayers are filing under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.

This overhaul of the tax code went into effect in 2018. It roughly doubled the standard deduction to $12,000 for singles ($24,000 for married filing jointly), eliminated personal exemptions and placed new limits on itemized deductions.

If you're overwhelmed by these changes and you have a complex return, it just might make sense to ask the IRS for an extension using Form 4868. This would give you until October 15 to submit your 2018 return.

This doesn't buy you more time to pay your taxes, though. You must pay the IRS by April 15.

Even the pros anticipate more people will ask for additional time.

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More than 4 out of 10 tax preparers polled by National Association of Enrolled Agents predict an increase in the number of requests for extensions. The group surveyed 924 of its members in February.

"The tax law is very confusing for a lot of people this year, and getting your mind to wrap around the new law might take more time," said Mike Slack, lead tax research analyst at the Tax Institute at H&R Block.

Here are some of the taxpayers who are most likely to request additional time to submit their return.

Filers awaiting a K-1 Small business Hero Images | Getty Images

If you're a shareholder in an S-corporation, you won't be able to submit your individual income tax return until you get all of the necessary paperwork from your business.

S-corporations and partnerships send their shareholders a Schedule K-1 every year, detailing their share of income, deductions and credits.

Businesses have until March 15 to share this information with owners and shareholders, which can slow things down for taxpayers.

"If I'm in several partnerships, I have to wait for all of those K-1s to come in before I file my return," said Robert Kerr, enrolled agent and executive vice president at the National Association of Enrolled Agents.

Entrepreneurs taking this new break Small business owners working in bakery together John Lund/Marc Romanelli | Getty Images

Business owners with pass-through entities — including sole proprietorships, S-corporations and partnerships — may be entitled for a new 20 percent deduction on qualified business income on their 2018 tax return.

Entrepreneurs with taxable income below $157,500 if single or $315,000 if married and filing jointly may qualify.

Limitations to the tax break kick in over those taxable income thresholds.

For instance, "specified service trades or businesses," including doctors, lawyers and accountants, can't take the deduction at all if their taxable income exceeds $207,500 if single, or $415,000, if married.

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The IRS has spent most of 2018 and part of January 2019 fine-tuning the deduction.

Even tax software providers have run into difficulty incorporating last-minute changes to the deduction, which led to some hiccups with accountants' tax prep programs.

"You have taxpayers who are in more complex situations with the impact of all of these changes, and it's causing practitioners to have to extend those returns more than they normally do," said Edward Karl, CPA and vice president of taxation for the American Institute of CPAs.

Itemizers on the fence Charity, food drive, giving Camille Tokerud | Getty Images

Generally, fewer people are expected to itemize on their returns this year, now that the new tax law raised the standard deduction.

However, your accountant might still want to review your statements and receipts to make sure this is indeed the case for you. After all, there's the possibility the total of your itemized deductions might exceed the $12,000 (single) or $24,000 (married and filing jointly) thresholds.

If you have to retrieve brokerage statements, acknowledgement letters from charities and more, then this might mean you'll need more time to file.

"It wouldn't shock me to hear that taxpayers thought they would take advantage of the higher-standard deduction," said Karl. "The practitioner is asking for specific information about itemized deductions to make sure they're not losing any advantages."

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Monday, March 25, 2019

What is an inverted yield curve and why is it bad?

NEW YORK (AP) — One of the most closely watched predictors of a potential recession just yelped even louder.

The signal lies within the bond market, where investors show how confident they are about the economy by their level of demand for U.S. government bonds.

It's called the "yield curve," and a significant part of it flipped Friday for the first time since before the Great Recession: A Treasury bill that matures in three months is yielding 2.45 percent – 0.02 percentage points more than the yield on a Treasury that matures in 10 years.

It seems illogical. Economists call it an "inverted" yield curve. Normally, short-term debt yields less than a long-term debt that requires investors to tie up their money for a prolonged period. When a short-term debt pays more than a long-term debt, the yield curve has inverted.

And when the yield curve is inverted, it shows that investors are losing confidence in the economy's prospects.

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Why you should care

This warning signal has a fairly accurate track record. A rule of thumb is that when the 10-month Treasury yield falls below the three-month yield, a recession may hit in about a year. Such an inversion has preceded each of the last seven recessions, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.

The last time a three-month Treasury yielded less than a 10-year Treasury was in late 2006 and early 2007, before the Great Recession made landfall in December 2007.

Traders gather on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange on March 13, 2019. (Photo: Richard Drew, AP)

Why did the yield curve invert?

Longer-term Treasury yields have been falling this year, in part on worries that economic growth is slowing around the world. When investors become nervous, they often abandon stocks and other risky assets and flock to Treasurys, which are among the world's safest investments. High demand for bonds will, in turn, send yields falling. Accordingly, the yield on the 10-year Treasury has sunk to 2.43 percent from more than 3.20 percent late last year.

Shorter-term rates, by contrast, are influenced less by investors and more by the Federal Reserve, which raised its benchmark short-term rate seven times over the past two years. Those rate hikes had been forcing up the three-month yield, to 2.45 percent from 1.71 percent a year ago. This momentum will likely slow now that the Fed foresees no rate hikes in 2019. But if longer-term Treasury yields continue to weaken, the curve could remain inverted.

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No, an inverted yield curve has sent false positives before. The yield curve inverted in late 1966, for example, and a recession didn't hit until the end of 1969.

Haven't we heard this before?

Other parts of the yield curve inverted late last year, as when the five-year Treasury's yield dropped below the three-year yield. Those parts of the yield curve, though, aren't as closely watched.

And not every part of the yield curve is inverted. Many traders on Wall Street also pay close attention to the difference between two-year and 10-year Treasurys. That part of the curve is still not inverted. The 10-year yield of 2.43 percent is still above the two-year yield of 2.32 percent.

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Trader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the NewTrader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Monday, March 18, 2019. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman laughs as he works on the floorTrader Peter Tuchman laughs as he works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Wednesday, March 13, 2019. U.S. stocks opened broadly higher on Wall Street Wednesday, powered by technology and health care companies, as the market pushes for its third straight day of gains. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the NewTrader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Tuesday, March 5, 2019. Stocks are opening slightly lower on Wall Street led by losses in banks and technology companies. Richard Drew, APFullscreenIn this Jan. 30, 2019, file photo trader Peter TuchmanIn this Jan. 30, 2019, file photo trader Peter Tuchman smiles as he poses with an old "Dow 25,000" hat on the New York Stock Exchange trading floor. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman wears a hat he had made that readsTrader Peter Tuchman wears a hat he had made that reads 'DOW 19,000' on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange in New 22 Nov.22 2016. The Dow Jones industrial average hit 19,000 during morning trading. Justin Lane, European Pressphoto AgencyFullscreenPeter Tuchman, a trader with Quattro M Securities,Peter Tuchman, a trader with Quattro M Securities, works from a handheld computer during the first day of trading at the New York Stock Market, Jan. 3, 2012 . Bebeto Matthews, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the NewTrader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Jan. 19, 2016. U.S. as stocks opening higher, led by gains in banks and technology companies. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTraders Peter Tuchman, and Sal Suarino gather withTraders Peter Tuchman, and Sal Suarino gather with others at a post on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange May 27, 2014. Stocks rose after the government reported that orders for big-ticket items rose unexpectedly last month. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman leaves the trading floor of theTrader Peter Tuchman leaves the trading floor of the New York Stock Exchange June 12, 2012. The stock market suffered its worst day of the year after a surprisingly weak report about hiring and employment cast a pall of gloom over the U.S. economy. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman takes a breather on the floorTrader Peter Tuchman takes a breather on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange 18, 2015 at the closing bell. Timothy A. Clary, AFP/Getty ImagesFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman, works on the floor of the NewTrader Peter Tuchman, works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Oct. 5, 2016. 13, 2015. Andrew Burton, Getty ImagesFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman rubs his head as he works or theTrader Peter Tuchman rubs his head as he works or the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, July 26, 2007. Wall Street suffered its second-biggest plunge of the year leading global markets lower as investors fled stocks amid increasing uneasiness about the mortgage and corporate lending markets. The Dow Jones industrials briefly fell more than 400 points, while Treasury yields plunged as investors moved money into bonds. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman throws his hands in the air atTrader Peter Tuchman throws his hands in the air at the closing bell of the New York Stock Exchange July 31, 2014. John Moore, Getty ImagesFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman wears his "Dow Almost 20,000"Trader Peter Tuchman wears his "Dow Almost 20,000" cap as he works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Dec. 15, 2016. Stocks are opening moderately higher on Wall Street and the dollar is making more gains against other currencies a day after the Federal Reserve raised its benchmark interest rate. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman jokes while wearing a handmadeTrader Peter Tuchman jokes while wearing a handmade "Dow 17,000" cap as he works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange July 1, 2014. The stock market climbed to all-time highs after reports showed that manufacturing in the US and China expanded in June, boosting the outlook for global growth. Netflix jumped after analysts at Goldman Sachs raised their outlook on the stock. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the NewTrader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, July 17, 2017. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman, works on the floor of the NewTrader Peter Tuchman, works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Oct. 5, 2016. Richard Drew, APFullscreenSinger Jordin Sparks talks with trader Peter TuchmanSinger Jordin Sparks talks with trader Peter Tuchman during her visit to the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Aug. 21, 2015, before ringing the closing bell to celebrate the release of her third album, ÒRight Here, Right Now.Ó Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the NewTrader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, as stocks are opening higher on Wall Street, a day after the Dow Jones industrial average closed at its second all-time high in a week, April 10, 2013. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the NewTrader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, June 5, 2015. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman studies his handheld device Feb.Trader Peter Tuchman studies his handheld device Feb. 23, 2009. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman pushes back his hair as he worksTrader Peter Tuchman pushes back his hair as he works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Aug. 9, 2007. Wall Street plunged after a French bank said it was freezing three funds that invested in U.S. subprime mortgages because it was unable to properly value their assets. The Dow Jones industrials extended its series of triple-digit swings, this time falling more than 380 points. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman watches a screen above the floorTrader Peter Tuchman watches a screen above the floor of the floor of the New York Stock Exchange at the closing bell, Oct. 15, 2014. The Dow Jones industrial average plummeted as much as 460 points in afternoon trading, then clawed back much of the ground it lost. It ended down 173 points, or 1.1 percent. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTraders Peter Tuchman, left, and Gregory Rowe Sept.Traders Peter Tuchman, left, and Gregory Rowe Sept. 18, 2013. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman rubs his head as he works on theTrader Peter Tuchman rubs his head as he works on the floor of the New York Stock March 13, 2007. Stocks plunged driving the Dow Jones industrials down more than 200 points and erasing all the gains made last week as troubles for subprime lenders piled up. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman smiles as he works on the floorTrader Peter Tuchman smiles as he works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange March 5, 2013. Richard Drew, APFullscreenTrader Peter Tuchman, Oct. 14, 2008.Trader Peter Tuchman, Oct. 14, 2008. Richard Drew, APFullscreenInterested in this topic? You may also want to view these photo galleries:ReplayTrader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the New1 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman laughs as he works on the floor2 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the New3 of 27In this Jan. 30, 2019, file photo trader Peter Tuchman4 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman wears a hat he had made that reads5 of 27Peter Tuchman, a trader with Quattro M Securities,6 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the New7 of 27Traders Peter Tuchman, and Sal Suarino gather with8 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman leaves the trading floor of the9 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman takes a breather on the floor10 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman, works on the floor of the New11 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman rubs his head as he works or the12 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman throws his hands in the air at13 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman wears his "Dow Almost 20,000"14 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman jokes while wearing a handmade15 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the New16 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman, works on the floor of the New17 of 27Singer Jordin Sparks talks with trader Peter Tuchman18 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the New19 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman works on the floor of the New20 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman studies his handheld device Feb.21 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman pushes back his hair as he works22 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman watches a screen above the floor23 of 27Traders Peter Tuchman, left, and Gregory Rowe Sept.24 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman rubs his head as he works on the25 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman smiles as he works on the floor26 of 27Trader Peter Tuchman, Oct. 14, 2008.27 of 27AutoplayShow ThumbnailsShow CaptionsLast SlideNext SlideSo is a recession coming or not?

It's too soon to say. Economic growth is slowing around the world, but the U.S. job market remains relatively strong.

"This is a signal that we should take seriously," said Frances Donald, head of macroeconomic strategy at Manulife Asset Management. "However, it's too early to tell whether this is indeed a harbinger of a recession or a blip. For me to feel confident to say this is a predictor of recession, I would need to see it persist for at least one to two months."

Potentially more concerning, Donald said, is how businesses and consumers react to the inverted yield curve. If they were to cut back on hiring or spending, that could trigger a self-fulfilling prophecy that leads to a recession.

"We're so accustomed to this telling us a recession is ahead that my concern is businesses and households get so scared they effectively create one," she said.